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First, foreign body into eyes
any small objects or liquid, even a grain of sand or a drop of detergent into the eyes can cause eye pain, or even damage the cornea.
aid approach: first, blinking hard and frequently, with the tears washed out the foreign body. If you do not work, it will lift and eyelids, and then rinse the eye under the tap. Note Be sure to remove contact lenses.
absolute prohibition: not rub your eyes, no matter how small foreign objects will scratch the cornea and cause infection. If the foreign body deeper into the eye position, so be sure to consult a doctor immediately, ask your doctor to deal with.
light alert: If splashed into the eyes of the corrosive fluid and must immediately go to hospital for treatment; if the eye through the self-treatment is still discomfort, burning, edema or blurred vision, also need to ask the doctor to help professional equipment to treat, must not be reckless.
II sprain
when the ligaments around the joint is stretched too serious, can bear out the extent of their occur sprain, sprains usually accompanied by bruising and edema.
aid approach: the sprain occurred within 24 hours, every hour as far as possible once with ice cold for half an hour. The injured at the bandage wrapped with elastic compression, and elevate the injured area. 24 hours later, began to change as the heat affected area, the injured area to promote blood circulation.
absolute prohibition: can not move around the injured joint, otherwise easily lead to torn ligaments, recovery is relatively more difficult.
light Alert: If after several days of self-treatment and rest, pain and mobility is still affected area, then there may be fractures, muscle strain or ligament rupture, require immediate medical treatment to the hospital.
three, epistaxis
nose bleeding due to ruptured blood vessels in the nasal cavity, the nasal blood vessels are fragile and therefore more common nosebleeds are also a small accident.
aid approach: lean slightly forward and pinch the bridge of the nose with your fingers beneath the cartilage part of which lasted about 5-15 minutes.
if able to do so, put a small ice pack in the nose also has the effect of rapidly bleeding.
absolute prohibition: force posture will be looked up and head back flow of imports will nosebleed,
belstaff coat, panic, there will be a part of the blood is bound to be sucked into the lungs, this is neither safe nor hygienic.
light alarm: If the nosebleed 20 minutes on a continuous flow still can not stop, then go to the hospital patients should consult a physician immediately. If the nosebleeds too often and without reason, or accompanied by headache, tinnitus, decreased vision, and dizziness and other symptoms, it is also sure to go to hospital for treatment, because it may be hit or suffered a brain concussion.
four burn
burn into three groups: a burn can cause reddening of the skin tingling; two will see the obvious after the burn blisters; three black burn will lead to skin ulceration.
aid approach: in the event of burns, the immediate area will be placed in the flow of hot water rinse or cold with a cold towel, if the burn area is larger, the wounded whole body should be soaked in a bathtub full of cold water . Gauze or bandage can be wrapped loosely imposed in the protection of burn wounds.
absolute prohibition: the way the treatment can not be burned by ice, the ice has broken skin damage caused wounds. Do not break blisters, otherwise it will leave scars. Do not also be applied antibiotic ointment or grease in the wound, these sticky substances are exposed to dirt.
light alarm: three burns, electric shock, burns and chemical burns are sure to go to the hospital. In addition, if the patient cough, watery eyes or difficulty breathing, you need professional medical help. Secondary burn area greater than the palm of your hand, then if the patient should go to the hospital, professional approach to avoid scarring.
five, choking
real asphyxiation rare in real life, drink plenty of water to choke or be choked foods are generally not regarded as suffocation. Asphyxia, the patient does not have a strong cough, unable to speak or breathe, the face will become red or bluish purple short period of time.
aid approach: First, to quickly call an ambulance. While waiting for an ambulance, you need to take the following measures: the patient leaned forward and back with the palm of your hand patted shoulders in patients with intermediate position. If you do not work,
belstaff online, so patients need to stand behind the abdomen in patients with fists pointed at the back, with the other hand holding the fist up and down thrusting launch of five, to help patients breathe. Such patients can also take self-help measures: their arrival in the abdomen of a rigid object, such as kitchen countertops, and then forced squeeze the abdomen, so that stuck in her throat and dump.
absolute prohibition: do not give patients who are coughing and watering or other food.
light alarm: as long as asphyxia,
belstaff leather, need to quickly call an ambulance rescue patients.
six, poisoning
poisoning occurred in the family usually is due to the incorrect use of cleaning, cleaning supplies, pesticides, or carbon monoxide inhalation intake.
aid approach: If a patient has confusion or difficulty in breathing, should quickly call an ambulance and ready to answer the following questions: What substance ingestion or inhalation, is the number, the patient weight, age, and poisoning time.
absolute prohibition: there can be called the ambulance until the symptoms often delay the treatment time. The process of waiting for help, do not eat or drink anything for patients, and do not attempt to help the patient vomit, because some of the toxic substances in the process of being spat out may be harmful to patients with other organs.
light alert: If poisoning occurs, you need to quickly call an ambulance rescue patients.
seven head \
skull itself is very hard, so in general the external rarely cause skull damage. If the force is too severe, then the neck, back, head of the fragile blood vessels to become a \
Emergency Measures: If your head from a pack, then the affected area with ice pack to reduce swelling. If you were injured after the head began to bleed, disposal methods and are cut the same way, that is, pressing the wound with a clean towel to stop bleeding, and then go to the hospital stitched the wound, and check for internal injuries. If syncope smashed injured, you need to call an ambulance to the hospital fast, the moment can not be delayed.
absolute prohibition: Do not let the injured one person to fall asleep. Was injured in the 24 hours, someone must accompany the injured, if the injured person to fall asleep, then wake up every three hours to the injured one, and let the victim answer a few simple questions to ensure that no injured coma, no brain injury, such as concussion.
light alarm: when the injured convulsions, dizziness, vomiting, nausea, or abnormal behavior was needed immediately sent to hospital.
eight and wounding
1, if the injured eye, not to rub and rinse chaos, the most appropriate anti-inflammatory eye drops trickle-down, and lying down, call 120 or rushed to the hospital conditions.
2, such as the hands or feet injured by firecrackers and other blood, shall be promptly stuck his hands above the bleeding site and, if Yunnanbaiyao notoginseng powder or powder can be sprinkled with bleeding. If the bleeding and large, the application of thick rubber band or Bouza live above the bleeding site, Taigaohuanzhi, rushed to hospital debridement. However, banding once every 15 minutes to release in order to avoid ischemic necrosis of the affected area.
nine fingers cuts
1, less bleeding, and if the injury is not serious, can be cleaned after the wound covered with Band-Aid. Not in favor of applying the wound to stop bleeding red syrup or powder like drugs, just keep the wound clean.
2, if the wound is large and bleeding, you should stop the bleeding, then immediately rushed to the hospital. Specific haemostasis is: the wound with a clean gauze bandage, pinch your fingers and holding through the roots on both sides of the heart, because here is the distribution of blood vessels in the left and right to take such gestures can effectively stop bleeding. Use a rubber tourniquet effect will be more good, but pay attention to every 20-30 minutes, the tourniquet must be a few minutes to relax, otherwise easily lead to finger necrosis.
ten, stroke
aid formulas: head to tilt
typical symptoms: a history of hypertension who, due to sudden temperature drop or emotional, sudden slurred speech and coma.
1, feelings of family members to exercise restraint and not to wake the patient and the violent shaking shouting or coma, or only make the condition deteriorated rapidly.
2, the patient supine on the bed, due to brain pressure and injection of these patients prone to vomiting, vomit, if not promptly removed, may lead to stroke coma vomit blocking the airway due to suffocation. Therefore the patient's head must be turned to the side, so you can vomit out of the mouth.
3, families can ice bag or cold towel on his forehead in a patient to facilitate hemostasis and reduce intracranial pressure.
XI, alcoholism
1, for the coma to ensure airway patency.
2, if the patient vomiting, immediately placed in the stability of lateral position, so that vomit out the logistics.
3, keep the patient warm, especially in the wet and cold conditions.
4, check breathing, pulse rate and degree of response, if necessary, cardiopulmonary resuscitation immediately.
5, the stability of the patients were placed in the lateral position, closely monitor the condition every 10 minutes and record breathing, pulse and degree of reaction.
second, hemorrhagic shock
aid formulas: close observation, to prevent blood loss.
typical symptoms: result of an accident which resulted in substantial blood loss, blood pressure is zero.
1, the patient must pay attention to the shock, when the stretcher to the medical treatment at the patient's head should be near the back of the bearers, it is easy to keep close observation of the shock were to respond to disease progression.
2, in the way to the hospital the patient, the patient should be set towards the head of his transport (ambulance, aircraft, etc.) move in the opposite direction, so as to accelerate the role of the brain causes the patient to further blood loss.
3, such as a big shock in January were pregnant women, should let her take the lateral position, otherwise the fetus and the uterus will be huge pressure vessels, resulting in reduced blood Huixin, increase shock.
XIII burn
1, the local cooling with cold water for 10 minutes.
2, with a clean, moist dressing.
3, wounds swollen, remove watches, bracelets, rings, etc., will be dressing lightly fixed dressing, be careful not too tight.
4, at the opposite department to bandage the wound.
fourth, burn treatment
1, if the Yaki-Yaki at the skin is still intact, as soon as local cooling. Such as to wash under the tap for about 10 minutes. This will take away the heat and reduce the step of local tissue damage.
2, with a soft damp, preferably sterile wound dressing pad. Note that not too tight.
3, if the skin has been burned, covered with a clean pad on it to protect the wound and reduce the risk of infection.
fifth, gastric perforation
aid formulas: toward the left side.
typical symptoms: gastric ulcer patients can not tolerate sudden severe abdominal pain, stiff and swollen abdomen, which is likely to burst gastric perforation.
mood swings during the Spring Festival, or eat too much because after the patients with gastric ulcer complicated by gastric perforation is easy, in the event the above symptoms should immediately take into account the possibility of gastric perforation. Before the arrival of the ambulance, should do the following:
1, do not roll around clutching his stomach disorder, should be toward the left Woyu bed. Reason is that perforated the right parts, mostly in the stomach. Lying left and can effectively prevent the further flow of stomach acid and food that celiac disease intensified.
2, if the staff can not arrive in time, but the site has some simple medical equipment, patients can be their own safety and stomach cannula. Specific methods: the tube into the nostril to the throat, swallowing hard edge side of Kazakh gas, the tube in the throat into the stomach. Then use the syringe out of the stomach thing, this will reduce the degree of peritoneal infection, treatment time for patients to win, remember the time patients must also be toward the left side.
XVI Fishbone card throat
1, the implementation of abdominal compression (such as pregnancy or too obese patients, the implementation of the chest squeeze.) If patients are unable to stand, its flat on the solid plane, sitting cross-leg for patients with abdominal pushed five times,
belstaff outlet, and then check for foreign body expectoration.
3, such as digging with your fingers when the foreign body, foreign body was visible only in the digging, not blindly digging.
seventh, gas poisoning
mild poisoning, the patients feel dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, pale. Severe poisoning, there will be difficulty in breathing, convulsions, coma. Maneuver is: immediately open the doors and windows, air flow at the patient moved to unlock the flow of patients buttoned to breathe, to keep warm against cold forming pneumonia. Mild poisoning, can give him to drink hot tea, take a deep breath, quickly sent to hospital.
XVIII thorn
watch for thorn left in the wound, such as wood residues, there may stab wounds fester, stab wounds were deep and often narrow, more conducive to the invasion of tetanus bacteria multiply and infection, it must be Remove foreign body, to eliminate hidden dangers.
fingers off into the thorn, the thorn has been complete if it does pull out, you can then gently squeeze the wound, the bleeding out of the wound, so as to reduce wound infection. And then wound around an iodine disinfectant, and then rubbed alcohol, 2 times better with sterile gauze bandage. If the wound left a thorn in the disinfection around the wound, the available fire or alcohol after disinfection of the forceps rubbed thorn managed to pull out completely. If the exposed parts of wood very short spines, tweezers, can not grip, use a sterile needle to pick open wounds outside the skin, appropriate expansion of the wound, so as exposed wooden thorn, and then clamp the clamp gently pull out the thorn, disinfect the wound and then again with a clean gauze bandage, for the prevention of wound infection, the best service sulfamethoxazole 2 tablets 2 times a day, and even clothes for 3-5 days. If the wood spiked into the nails should be to the hospital, the physician first and then pull out the nail clippers into a V-shaped thorn.
remember! After a deep thorn stabbed,
belstaff sale, should go to the hospital injection of tetanus antitoxin (TAT), just in case.
nineteenth, the eyes of foreign
dust, soot, grain, metal debris and other foreign matter squint his eyes, suddenly could not open eyes,
belstaff uk, tears, pain, photophobia, foreign body sensation, very uncomfortable, and hurried into rub squeeze and want to foreign body rubbing. In fact, this approach useless. After foreign body in the eyes because rubbing may damage the fragile crowded and sensitive to the cornea, causing corneal ulcers, infection, affecting vision. Also make eye rubbing crowded congestion, conjunctival edema. Meanwhile, the hands of many bacteria, bacteria will bring when Rouyan eyes, causing inflammation.
twenty, nail frustrated
1, the nail is squeezed out, the most important thing is to prevent bacterial infection. Emergency treatment, said first squeezing out the nails of the fingers, with gauze bandage fixed, and then cold bags of cold. Then raise the injured limb immediately to the hospital.
2, fingernails bleeding, half of honey can be used warm water, stir well, wiping a few times a day, you can gradually heal. If the nail is broken by ball players, during the treatment period, if the need to continue to play, in play, be sure to use plaster layer 2-3 packet distal finger, protection, kick the ball immediately removed, so as not to cause infection .
3, if a bed bleeding due to trauma, blood does not flow, so that the roots of uplift of the nail bed, pain can not sleep, can root in the last nail bar with a hot needle a small hole, the product of blood discharged after disinfection pressure bandage nails.
the twenty-first, cardiac arrest
sudden cardiac arrest the heart stops beating tips, aortic pulse and heart sounds disappear, vital organs such as severe cerebral ischemia, hypoxia, resulting in termination of life. This unexpected sudden death, sudden death, also known as medical.
the most common cause of cardiac arrest is ventricular fibrillation. If no response calls for the patient, the pressure supraorbital, infraorbital no response, you can determine the patient has been in a coma. Then observe the patient without rolling respiratory movement of chest and abdomen. Such as touch-free carotid and femoral artery pulse, precordial not hear the heartbeat sound, can determine the disease have been cardiac arrest.
XXII, first aid
cardiac arrest rescue must race against time, do not wait for the arrival of sending an ambulance to hospital. To act decisively to take the following emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation measures.
1, precordial percussion: an Satisfy up care of patients back of the neck with one hand hold the patient back a little to push his forehead, so that upturned chin, head thrown back, is conducive to ventilation. Fleshy part of the bottom with his fist in the middle of the top of the sternum from 20 to 30 cm chest wall, and suddenly, quickly thump again. If no response, immediately make external cardiac massage. The patient back pad a piece of hard board, while doing mouth to mouth resuscitation. Observe the patient's pupil, if miosis (the most sensitive, the most significant signs of life), face, lips turn red, indicating the rescue effective.
2, acupuncture points or the palm of the hand out of the Spontaneous, Zuxin Yongquan, play a role in the rescue.
3, quickly took out his throat vomit, to prevent blockage of the respiratory tract or reflux into the lungs, causing choking and aspiration pneumonia.
4, the first ice pack to cool.
5, rushed to hospital for treatment.
xxiii, alcoholism
Alcoholism is a result of excessive intake of
containing ethanol (alcohol) drinks after the inhibition of the central nervous before the abnormal state of excitement. Generally self-healing, a few severe cases of death due to respiratory and circulatory failure.
endangered unconscious, frequent seizures, slow shallow breathing, heart rate, cardiac weakness, drop in blood pressure. Breathing irregular heartbeat, resulting in breathing and heartbeat stop.
aid measures:
of mild poisoning, first to stop him to continue drinking; secondly, to find some pears, water chestnut, watermelon fruits to his hangover; also can stimulate the throat of the way (such as using chopsticks, etc.) cause vomiting reflex, the wine as soon as possible vomited stomach contents (for patients not suitable for sleeping has occurred with this method), and then to arrange for him to stay in bed, keep warm, avoid vomit blocking the respiratory tract; observing the respiration and pulse conditions , if not special, wake up to their own recovery. If the patient bed rest, there is the pulse speed up, slow breathing, clammy skin, irritability of the phenomenon, should be immediately sent to hospital for treatment.
severe acute alcoholism, there will be irritability, lethargy, dehydration, convulsions, shock, respiratory symptoms such as weak, should be promptly sent to hospital. Note: coffee and tea with a hangover inappropriate.
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