a database between multiple tables in common is an intrinsic link exists, which together cater useful information. The previous query is behaved for a table. If a query involving extra than two tables at the same time, the call connection query. Join queries embody the interior join, outer join, and cross-connect.
1. Within the connection among the connection
is the most general connection type,
Nike Air Max cheap, use the internal connection is, if two tables related fields to meet the join condition from the two tables to extract data and combined into a fashionable log.
When connected worker is = it is called equivalent connection. Using other operators as non-equivalent connections.
join predicate column name for the connection field. Connection conditions of the manifold types of connection field must be comparable, but not necessarily the same. For example, you are the temperament, or are date type; can also be a an integer, the other is real, integer and real types are numeric, it is comparable. However, if one symbol, the other is an integer type is not allowed, because they are not comparable type.
Conceptually DBMS process of acting a join operation is to 1st ascertain in Table 1 the 1st tuple, and then begin from scratch by an concordance scan or sequential scan table 2, detect the tuples satisfy the join condition for each to find a tuple in Table 1 ambition be the first tuple with the tuple attached together to form a tuple in the result table. After all the scans in Table 2, Table 1 and then to find the second tuple, and then begin from scratch by an index scan or sequential scan table 2, find the tuples satisfy the join condition for each to find a tuple, it ambition be Table 1 in the second tuple with the tuple concatenated to form a tuple in the result table. Repeat until all the tuples in Table 1 have been inclined of by far.
38 patients and elective courses for each student inquiries situation
Students placed in the Student table student elective cases cached in the SC table, so the interrogate is really also involved in Student and SC data in two tables. This correlate among two tables by two tables have the property Sno achieved. To check the location of students and their elective courses, the two tables have to be the same digit of tuples secondary link. This is one equivalent connection. Complete the query's SQL statement is:
SELECT * FROM Student JOIN SC ON Student.Sno = SC.Sno;
If we have two tables in the same properties equivalent connections, and Target col clear copy properties col, but retains always the properties listed are not repeated, then cried natural linkage
case 39 and SC Natural Connect Student Table
SELECT Student.Sno, Sname, S######,
Nike Air Max tn, Sage, Sdept, Cno, Grade
FROM Student INNER JOIN SC ON Student.Sno = SC.Sno;
In this query, for Sname, S######, Sage, Sdept, Cno and Grade attributes listed in the Student and SC is the only table, so you can remove the reference table name prelude. The Sno emerge in both tables, so refer to the table name prefix must be joined. The results of the implementation of the query not longer seem SC.Sno column.
cases of 40 queries elective courses and score 2 points or more in 90 of all students
SELECT Student.Sno, Sname FROM Student INNER JOIN SC ON Student.Sno = SC.Sno
; WHERE SC.Cno = '2 'AND SC.Grade> 90;
circumstance 41 queries and elective courses for every student and the label of their fulfilment
SELECT Student.Sno, Sname, Course.Cname, SC.Grade ;
FROM Student S INNER JOIN ON S. Sno = SC.Sno
JOIN Course C ON SC.Cno = C. Cno;
; 2.
connection to connect their own operations not only between the two tables, a table can also be chained to its own, this connection namely for the table to itself.
patients with 42 queries Liu Chen in the same department for students to learn the names and location of the Department of
For lucidity,
ghd website, we tin take two aliases for the Student table, one is S1, the additional is the S2, you can consider these issues apt put into the Course table is accurate the same two tables, one chart S1, and the additional One is the S2 table. As follows:
complete the query's SQL statement is:
SELECT S2. Sname,
Air Max 2011 cheap, S2.Sdept
FROM Student as S1 JOIN Student as S2 ON S1 . Sdept = S2.Sdept
WHERE S1.Sname = 'Liu Chen' AND S2.Sname! = 'Liu Chen';
3. Outside the natural connection connection
In action, only the tuples satisfy the connect condition can be output as a result, as in the cases of 35 and 36 patients did not result table About 95003 and 95004 two student information, because they do not elective, there is no corresponding table in the SC tuple. But periodically we ambition to Student table as the chief lists each student's elementary situation and elective situation, whether a student is not elective, only the output of the basic status information,
ghd flat iron, the information is a null value can be elective, which When you absence to use external join (Outer Join).
SELECT Student.Sno, Sname, S######, Sage, Sdept, Cno, Grade ;
FROM Student LEFT OUTER JOIN SC ON Student.Sno = SC.Sno;
Student.Sno Sname S###### Sage Sdept Cno ; Grade
----------- ------- - ---- ------ ------- ------ -------
; 95002 Liu Chen female 19 information system 3 80
; 95003 throne woman 18 Department of Mathematics NULL NULL
95004 ; message systems Zhang M 18 NULL NULL
Similarly, the right connections.
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