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in reading chest X-ray on the (mainly anteroposterior film) a little experience to share with you. To read a good normal chest X-ray chest first thing to know how,
.... This is too silent even in the school room ra, in general can be described with the following words and see a film each in that order can also be run,
coach shoes, in order to develop good habits. . Number of ribs is to look at the basis of film, I say a lot of these things are a sign of rib. After the normal forward on the chest under the ribs from the number of the first rib and clavicle and became a class of circular translucent area,
Sell your car!, this part of the apex is the region where both sides in finding the apex compared with the lesions. 2. How to determine the markings are normal? We know that side of the lung field from the hilar to the peripheral lung is divided into three equal parts are called within the lungs, middle and outer, under normal circumstances with the markings in the lungs, take-no, if you take away there there are markings for increased lung markings, whereas the increase in brightness with the markings through the reduction. With distinction on the lungs and a foreign meaning,
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coach outlet, that is, compression of pulmonary emphysema to determine, in general, with a total lung lung volume and foreign were 60%, 30%,
coach wallet, 10%. 3. Mediastinal and hilar: hilar second to fourth intercostal space in front of flat, level after four to six thoracic spinous process of the height of the shoulder blade in the midline after the midpoint of the medial edge of the vertical line. This is what is the point? For example: when the fiber cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis, the About determine whether there is mediastinal shift primarily. 4. Heart: cardiac thoracic spine after five to eight, the first of two to six ribs. (Fill cardiothoracic ratio.) When we read films have often heard a concept called Where is it? Aortic aortic arch is the left turn right out of prominence by the left sternal border in place it flat on the second costal cartilage left chest. Here I would like to say that it is the location of pulmonary artery segment, pulmonary artery segment formed in the aortic side, meaningful in judging the pulmonary hypertension. 5. Diaphragm and costophrenic angles: the top of the general right costal diaphragm in front of the fifth rib to the sixth rib before the inter-level, due to the existence of the right side of the liver, right diaphragm than is usually the left side of the top one to two centimeters high. Meaning: chest or abdominal cavity pressure changes can change the position of the diaphragm, such as pneumothorax can depress the diaphragm position; phrenic nerve paralysis there is a conflict breathing. Normal costophrenic angle is sharp, if costophrenic angle blunting the pleural effusion or accumulation of blood exists there,
coach purses, then how do we determine in general the amount of fluid it? Generally costophrenic angle blunting: fluid 300ml; costophrenic angle closure: 500ml. 6. Nipple location is also a problem we often encounter, the male nipple former general in the fifth rib, the female nipple position can be lower, the shadow of asymmetry of the nipple lesion often misdiagnosed as nodules. 7. How to determine the lesion from the lung or from the pleural cavity? In general if the majority of lesions from the lung lesions in the lungs is; can be combined to determine the lateral view,
coach handbags, while CT can accurately identify. 8. What is the apex bend? What is the apex down? What is the significance? The most heart shadow over the outer edge of the diaphragm plane, said apex upturned, on behalf of right ventricular hypertrophy; the other hand the heart of the most outer edge of the shadow below the level of the diaphragm, said the apex down, on behalf of left ventricular hypertrophy. Surgery on the lateral films I want to teach my teacher taught us some tips: heart before the triangle was smaller, the large right ventricle; Heart of the big triangle is a large left ventricle.
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