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Old 05-23-2011, 01:41 AM   #1
quanweis267
 
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铜离子对淇河鲫肝胰脏中3种酶活性的影响
  摘 要:研讨了不同浓度铜离子处理后及处理后恢复时淇河鲫鱼肝胰脏中酸性磷酸酶,碱性磷酸酶跟过氧化氢酶活性的 变更。依据试验成果表明:铜离子暴露处理时,酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性随铜离子浓度升高活性先升后降。 其中酸性磷酸酶在1.00mg/L时,与对照组的差别是极显著,而碱性磷酸酶在0.05mg/L时达到最大差异,过氧化氢酶一经0.05mg/L铜离子处置活性即降低到最低程度,均 道道极明显的差异。暴露接触后的0天,4天,8天,12天时研究其活性,都是刚解除时呈现最低活性,在第四 天时活性到达最大值,在一次降落。与对照组比拟,酸性磷酸酶在0天,4天使达到极显著的差异,碱性磷酸酶在 4天使差异显著,过氧化氢酶在0天使极显著,第四地利与对比组达到显著的差异。
  要害词:鲫鱼,酸性磷酸酶,碱性磷酸酶,过氧化氢酶。
  Abstract: The effects of different concentrations of copper ion treatment and recovery after carp hepatopancreas Reverse acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and catalase enzyme activities. The experimental results show that: when the copper exposure treatment, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activity with the activity of copper ion concentration and then decreased. One acid phosphatase in the 1.00mg / L, the difference between the control group is very significant, and alkaline phosphatase in the 0.05mg / L when the maximum difference in catalase upon 0.05mg / L that decreased activity of copper ion treatment To the lowest level, are very significant differences in round after round. Exposure to 0 days after exposure, 4 days, 8 days, 12 days of its activity, is just lifting when the minimum activity, when the activity reached the maximum on the fourth day, during a fall. Compared with the control group, acid phosphatase in 0 days, 4 Angels reached a significant difference in AKP significant difference in the four angels, catalase significantly Angels 0, the fourth day with the control group achieved significantly Differences.
  Key words: carp, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase,mania armani, catalase.
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  前 言
  1. 鲫鱼时我国一种养殖面较广的淡水鱼类,淇河鲫鱼事我国河南特有的可贵鱼类,俗称“双脊背”其娇嫩鲜美,蛋白 质含量高达19.16%。富含人类所需的18种氨基酸,自古以来深受花费者爱好,跟着社会、经济的疾速发展 ,受到环境传染等诸多因素的影响,淇河鲫鱼赖以生存和繁殖的生态环境受到重大损坏,这些废水中含有的大批的 铜,铅,铬,汞等重金属离子,固然已又较多的有关金属对鱼类影响的研究【1】,但以淇河鲫鱼为实验资料,研 究铜离子对鲫鱼体内酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性影响的研究报道较少,本文研究了暴露在不同浓度 铜离子溶液中,鲫鱼肝胰脏中酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性的变化法则。
  磷酸酶又称为磷酸单酯水解酶,是能够催化各种含磷化合物水解的酶类,根据他们催化作用的最适PH特征, 可分为酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶。酸性磷酸酶时动物代谢进程中重要的调控酶,参加磷脂的代谢和其余一些重要的 生物学功能,包含代谢调节,能量转化以及信号传导等【2】,时水产动物赖以生长的重要酶类之一,ACP是一 种含有铁离子的金属酶,其构造和活性的充足施展必需重金属离子的保持【3】。一旦水环境受到重金属离子的污 染,其构象受到影响,从而影响鱼类的生长目前,海内外在对水产动物ACP的理化性质,结构功能及催化机理方 面做啦大量的研究工作【4,5【。碱性磷酸酶在分子代谢中重要是去磷酸化作用。过氧化氢酶时普遍存在于生物 体内的抗氧化防备性功效酶,重金属对CAT的活性会发生影响,这主要是由于CAT含有丰盛的巯基,重金属可 与酶的巯基或其他活性基团彼此作用,从而转变没得活性。目前,对于大陆污染对生物抗氧化防御体系影响的研究 报道较多【7】 抗氧化防备系统的一个重要特点是其活性成分或含量可 因污染的胁迫而产生改变,因此可间接反应环境中污染的存在。
  本实验一鲫鱼肝胰脏中这三种酶的活性为对象,研究其在不同浓度铜离子处理后的变化,为渔业出产有效把持 环境污染,进步鱼产量等供给主要的参考材料。
  1实验局部
  1.1 实验材料
  实验用鱼起源于河南师范大学性命迷信学院水产养殖基地的同批滋生、同池培养、体色畸形确当年健康淇河鲫 鱼,体重(200±15)g,体长为(18±2)cm。
  1.2 实验办法
  1.2.1 淇河鲫鱼的适应性驯化
  淇河鲫鱼运回后,置于200 L(100 cm×50 cm×40 cm)的塑料水箱中适应性驯养7d,养殖用水为充氧曝气的自来水,水温为(26±2)℃; 溶解氧为>9 mg.L-1;pH值为7~8,每箱放水100 L,全部驯养期间正常投饵,只在实验处理前1d结束投喂。
  1.2.2 实验材料和试剂
  经由适应性驯化的淇河鲫鱼,烧杯,冰盘,解剖工具,分光光度计,滤纸。
  试剂 不同浓度的铜离子溶液,生理盐水,柠檬酸盐缓冲液,铁氰化钾溶液,
  碳酸酸盐缓冲液。
  1. 2. 3 铜暴露处理
  根据预实验和国度公布的渔业水质标准(Cu2+≤0.01 mg・ L- 1),设定本实验的铜离子的暴露浓度分离为渔业水质标准的5、10和100倍,即铜离子浓度分别为0.05 、0.10和1.00 mg・ L- 1。鲫鱼随机分为4组(3个处理组和1个对照组)。对照组不增加铜离子,铜离子浓度视为0 mg・L-1。每组15尾鱼,每一浓度均设平行组和对照组,暴露96h后取样,用于实验测定。整个暴露期间小型增氧机 增氧,不投饵,光周期为12L∶12D,各组治理方法雷同。
  1. 2. 4 铜裸露解除后的恢复
  将最高浓度组即1.00 mg・ L- 1的铜离子处理96h后的鲫鱼,置于正常的养殖用水即净水中进行铜暴露解除后的恢复,分辨于0d(高浓度铜 离子暴露停止时)和应激解除后(暴露于清水中)4d、8d和12d取样,每次取样均设处理组和对照组,每组 设五个反复,用于实验测定。
  1.2.5 酶粗提液的制备
  淇河鲫鱼取出后置于冰盘上解剖,敏捷掏出肝胰脏,christian louboutin pump,生理盐水冲刷后,滤纸吸干,称重,按1∶9(品质体积比)加入生理盐水,冰浴匀浆,4℃,1 6000 r.min-1离心10 min,取上清液,存于4℃待测。
  1. 2. 5 酸性磷酸酶ACP活性测定
  采用磷酸苯二钠法[8]进行,gucci men,酶活气单位定义为每分钟内酶液在37℃和磷酸苯二钠反应生成1 mmol酚为1个活力单位(U) 。酶液在酸性前提下和磷酸苯二钠反应后,在510 nm测其光吸值,通过酚尺度曲线盘算酶活力。
  在1mL柠檬酸盐缓冲液中加入1mL酶液和1mL磷酸苯二钠底物溶液,37℃下,正确反响60min后 再加入1mL碱性溶液终止反映,而后参加1mL铁氰化钾溶液显色,即时混匀,用1.0cm接收池,以蒸馏水 作参比调零,510 nm下测其光吸收值。组织ACP活性定义:1g蛋白中含有的酶活性单位数。
  1. 2. 6 碱性磷酸酶AKP活性测定
  采用磷酸苯二钠法进行,在1mL碳酸酸盐缓冲液中加入1mL酶液和1mL磷酸苯二钠底物溶 液,dylan george jeans,37℃下,精确反应15min后再加入加入1mL铁氰化钾溶液显色,立刻混匀,用1.0cm吸收池,以蒸 馏水作参比调零, 510 nm下测其光吸收值。酶活单位定义:在37℃下,15min内催化磷酸苯二钠天生1mg酚的酶量。组织AK P活性定义:1g蛋白中含有的酶活性单位数。
  1. 2. 7 过氧化氢酶CAT活性测定
  CAT活性测定采取程鲁京等[9]的方式进行测定。CAT酶活性单位定义:反应系统中每分钟每克蛋白分解1微摩尔过氧化氢为1个酶活性单位( U)。
  1. 2. 8 蛋白浓度测定
  参照Bradford(1976)[10]的测定方法,以牛血清白蛋白(BSA,购于AMRESCO公司)为标准蛋白。
  1. 2. 7数据处理及统计
  采用Excel 2003统计剖析软件提供的分析工具进行One-way ANOVA分析和独破性t测验。显著性水平设为p<0.01 或p<0.05。
  2实验结果
  2.1铜离子对淇河鲫肝胰脏中酸性酶活性的影响
  ACP(图1,图2),铜离子暴露处理时,随着铜离子浓度的升高,ACP的活性先升高再将达,当浓度为 0.05mg/L时,酸性磷酸酶活性最大,表示为引诱作用,随着铜离子浓度持续升高到0.10mg/L时,活性比对照组低,当铜离子浓度为1.00mg/L时,降到最低,与对照组差异极显著。铜暴露接触时,在刚接触活性达到最低,与对照组差异极显著,第四天时 活性升高,与对照组差异极显著,到第八天后渐渐稳定,12天使根本为对照组的活性,即铜离子的影响基础不存 在了。鲫鱼的成长已恢复。
  <![endif]>
  图1 铜离子暴露下淇河鲫肝胰脏中ACP活性的变化 图2 铜暴露解除后淇河鲫肝胰脏中ACP活性的变化
  2.2铜离子对淇河鲫肝胰脏中碱性酶活性的影响
  AKP与ACP活性变化类似,都是先升高后降低,仅在差异显著问题上不同。铜暴露处理时,其活性先升高 后降低,在0.05mg/L时差异是显著的,在0.10mg/L时活性降低,低于对照组,铜离子浓度越高活性越低,铜离子解除后,在第四天时光活性升高到最高水平,与对 照组差异显著,随后慢慢降低,第八天时活性与对照组比拟濒临,第十二天时,活性再次降低。
  <![endif]> <![endif]>
  图3 铜离子暴露下淇河鲫肝胰脏中AKP活性的变化 图4 铜暴露解除后淇河鲫肝胰脏中AKP活性的变化
  2.3铜离子对淇河鲫肝胰脏中过氧化氢酶活性的影响
  过氧化氢酶在铜暴露处理时,活性是直接下降到极显著差异,铜离子浓度升高也不再有大的变化,即铜离子浓 度为0.05mg/L是就达到活性最低点,铜离子解除后过氧化氢酶活性先降低再升高后又降低,刚解除时活性最低,与对照差异极 显著,0到4天时活性缓缓升高,第四天时,活性达到最高,当前再降低,第八天时,活性开端稳固,与对照差异 显著。
  <![endif]>
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