RH -negative blood Panda

; ; uncomplicated overview
all human Rh blood agglutination of red blood cells ashore the original who is Rh positive, otherwise negative. This allows the red blood cells have been found A, B, O and AB blood type of the 4 cardinal people, they were all divided into two to be classified as Rh positive and negative two. With the continuous research of Rh blood group, Rh blood group system that may be the most complex red cell blood in a blood group system. Rh blood group of the breakthrough of more blood go and technological guidance to further cultivate the lab diagnosis of hemolytic disease of newborn and maternal and child health conservation, there is a very important role. According to the information, Rh-positive blood type and the majority Han nationality in China accounted for about 99.7%, about 90% of individual minorities. In China, RH negative blood type only three thousandths to four. RH-negative type A, B-, O-,GHD IV Pure Straighteners, AB-type percentage is 3:3:3:1.
Rh (negative -) of the distribution vary considerably because of race, the proportion of Caucasians than in tall, about 15 per cent, the Chinese population; Xinjiang Uygur and additional ethnic minorities Rh (negative) of the distribution of five percentage; Mongolian people near to an per cent; the proportion of very few Han people, accounting for only one thousand three-quarters, is a rare blood type, if catching into account the ABO and Rh blood group system in the Han population in search type AB Rh (negative) type of person with less than ten thousandths of opportunity is very infrequent. RH negative blood, known as the panda blood is RH negative blood type, a very rare blood type, because the extremely rare, known as the


Rh blood grouping normal
Rh +, called Rh-, called

Rh blood grouping sense
1) of Rh-negative Chinese Han population was 0.34%, the extensive majority of human Rh-positive, it is caused along the Rh blood group incompatibility ABO blood transfusion reactions are relatively small.
2) Rh blood group system there is generally no natural antibodies, it is not found when the first blood transfusion Rh blood group incompatibility. However, Rh-negative recipients received Rh-positive blood, can produce immune anti-Rh antibodies, such as the re-transmission by the blood of Rh-positive, hemolytic transfusion reaction can occur.
3) Rh-negative mother is Rh-positive fetus, fetal red blood cells to stimulate the mother through the placenta into the maternal production of anti-Rh antibodies, then by the placenta into the fetus. As the first child produced by anti-Rh antibodies rarely, rarely occurs in neonatal hemolytic disease, Rh-positive fetus second pregnancy produced an increase in anti-Rh antibodies can cause hemolytic disease of newborns. If the pregnant woman has Rh-negative Rh-positive blood lost through history, or first child due to Rh blood group incompatibility in abortion, and even if the first child of fetal hemolytic disease may also occur.

blood genetic
Rh (-) gene is a recessive gene. When the Rh (+) of the master you are Rh (-) gene and simultaneously transmitted to offspring, their children showed that the Rh (-), a parent who is Rh (-) when their children for the Rh (-) chance to increase, though the opportunity to reduce.
Another important function of the blood factor of the Ganges, the Ganges factor (Rhesus Factor) is also peruse as Rh antigens, Rh factor, because rhesus antigens on red blood cells with the same appoint, originally was discovered in 1940. Each person's red blood cells is only possible with or without Rh factor, usually combined with the ABO, ABO blood group written on the back of the time. Which is the most common type O +.
ABO blood group with Rh element in is very important, mismatch (Rh + Rh-blood donated to the people) will cause hemolysis. However, the acceptance of Rh + Rh-blood is not a problem. And ABO blood group system antibodies differ, rh blood group system antibodies is relatively small, through the placental barrier. When an Rh-mother cherished a Rh + baby, and then cherish the second Rh + baby, it may be Rh disease (hemolytic disease). Mother at the outset pregnancy produce antibodies against Rh + red blood cells. Antibody in the second pregnancy the baby through the placenta to the blood dissolution of the second, usually understood as hemolytic disease of newborn babies. This reaction does not happen, but if the baby is A or B antigens and the mother is not a greater chance. In the past, Rh factor can cause a miscarriage or not with the death of the mother. Blood transfusion before the treatment will be most newborn babies. Now generally to anti-Rh (+) treatment of pill injection, the most general Rhogam or Anti-D. Every pregnant mother's Rh-blood type have to ascertain the baby, if it is Rh +,GHD Hair, then the mother will have to injection Anti-D.

Rh meaning
ABO blood group distribution
First: Rh-negative human serum without anti-Rh agglutinin. When it first received Rh-positive blood, enter the red blood cell agglutination repercussion does not occur, but with Rh agglutination of red blood cells into the receiver the aboriginal body, can cause the recipient to produce anti-Rh agglutinin. Later, while the Rh-positive blood recipients to suffer the blood, enter the red blood cell antigen-antibody response may occur, resulting agglutination phenomenon. Therefore, repeated clinical blood transfusion in the patient, even when the same type of blood donors should do cross-matching of blood tests.
Second: Rh-negative women with Rh-positive males, marriage, birth of the woman must be Rh-positive fetus when fetal red blood cells into the mother fhardly everme reason After leading the mother to produce anti-Rh agglutinin. If the woman is pregnant anew after Rh-positive fetus,GHD Hair Straighteners NZ, the maternal anti-Rh agglutinin may pass through the placenta into the fetal bloodstream, leading to hemolytic anemia and neonatal death resulting. If Rh-negative women had received prior Rh-positive blood, the birth of first child, the fetus will be Rh-positive hemolytic phenomenon.

Self-protection
Rh-negative human for the first time in an emergency blood transfusion Rh-positive blood can enter, but after about three months, the blood will produce anti-Rh agglutinin , then merely the same type of blood transfusion, that is, type A Rh (-) patients can lose Type A Rh (-) blood, B-type can only lose Type B Rh (-) blood, if you are sick or need surgery, blood transfusion When you are sure to you are Rh (-) blood group to the doctor for blood adjoin a doctor early and the metropolis, the union you need Rh (-) blood. If unmarried women, you do family blueprinting to shirk abortion, if you already have a history of abortion or blood transfusion, be sure to blood during pregnancy for hemolytic disease of newborn blood chamber predictions checks to prevent future hemolytic disease of newborn occur.
RH negative risk
ABH antigens chemical building.
RH affirmative prepossessing RH negative blood, but the RH negative blood can not accept the RH positive, RH assured blood because of the antigen will motivate the body to produce RH RH negative antibodies. If you re-enter the RH positive blood, can cause hemolytic transfusion reactions.
According to statistics, the number of China's RH negative blood, about 390 million people. Because of the RH-awareness is not enough, numerous people do not know this rare blood type, and even a lot of RH negative blood who are in urgent need of blood transfusion when their own difficulties to know their blood type, which causes some patients the hardship of timely treatment, to some needless adverse consequences.
distinct cause for the adverse effects of hemolysis from the newborn. As the class of developed countries, China's medicinal, there is still some gaps, many hospitals deserving to technical lag and the patient know what hemolysis flawless, can only advise pregnant women to some of the hospital, missed a agreeable treatment phase, resulting in miscarriage or aborted.
What is the Rh hemolytic disease?
Rh hemolytic disease of newborn deserving to maternal and fetal blood group incompatibility caused by a hemolytic disease, can cause dispose of fetal red blood cells. If untreated, most of the serious cancer of the fetal death occurs. Rh hemolytic disease can also guide to neonatal jaundice (skin and eyes corner yellow), anemia, head mar, heart failure and even death, but will not influence the mother's health.
in the United States, about 20,000 cases every year Rh hemolytic disease of the birth, whatsoever, since 1968, the hindrance of Rh hemolytic disease of the manipulation, the yearly hazard of Rh hemolytic disease of the newborn babies have significantly reduced. But not all prevention treatment of fertile women need this treatment are accessible, so there is still a small fraction of productive women tin not benefit from this technology. As a outcome, each annual almost 4,000 patients undergoing from Rh hemolytic disease of the birth.
What namely the cause Rh hemolytic disease?
Most of the throng of people are Rh-positive blood type, with Rh antigen,GHD Straighteners NZ, is one inherited ruddy blood compartment surface protein. Approximately 15% of U.S. Caucasians and black Americans 7% not Rh antigens, namely is Rh-negative blood type. Rh-negative blood type of the folk themselves will not have anybody health problems, merely if a female is Rh-negative blood type, there is the baby's birth the hazard of Rh hemolytic disease.
an Rh-negative mother and Rh-positive blood type father's descendant,GHD MK4 Gold Straighteners, it is feasible inherited his father's Rh-positive blood, and peril at birth, particularly during childbirth, the fetus's Rh-positive red blood cells may be of some into the mother's blood, which the fetus has Rh antigens of red blood cells the body of the mother, is a alien thing, the mother's body attempts to produce anti-Rh antibodies to eliminate these foreign objects, such as refreshed immune feedback sensitized mother.
1st pregnancy, the risk of fetal Rh-positive blood is very small, because typically generate allergens in the mommy before, alternatively at fewest have the right value of Rh antibodies the mother before the child has been connate. However, once sensitization occurs, the mother's life will continue apt generate Rh antibodies as portion of their blood. In each subsequent pregnancy, the mother's Rh antibodies can pass through the placenta, so each subsequent pregnancy, kid with caustic Rh hemolytic disease risk is growing. If the fetus is Rh-positive blood, the mother's Rh antibodies will destroy fetal red blood cells, resulting in infants of Rh hemolytic disease.
How apt prevent Rh hemolytic disease?
In order to discourage Rh hemolytic disease, Rh-negative blood team women, all children ought be nativity to be a Rh blood team testing. Rh-positive blood all adore the Rh-negative mother of the baby ought be injected 72 hours after distribution of a pure blood Rh immune globulin, which can discourage more than 95% of the sensitized Rh-negative women. However, some studies have shown that about 2% of pregnant women before distribution has happened allergens. Therefore, from the prevention of early sensitization to consider, in the 28 weeks of pregnancy and childbirth behind injection of Rh immune globulin to pregnant women.
Rh-negative women in spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, abortion, alternatively input should be Rh-positive blood afterward injection of Rh immune globulin. In counting, during the amniocentesis and chorionic biopsy after fetal injection of Rh immune globulin should be.
Rh immune globulin is to activity a role?
Rh immune globulin contains antibodies opposition Rh materials, these antibodies in the mother's blood can quickly remove the adhesion and to help destroy Rh-positive fetal cells . Thus, for the mother's body does not produce antibodies to Rh-positive fetal red blood cells, because the mother produces in the body of allergens or refusal before the fetus has Rh-positive red blood cells removed.

have Rh antibodies can explicit the way to the mother's body?
not. Rh-negative women without any omens of the disease and remain healthy,GHD Hair Straightener, but she can continue to produce Rh antibodies as part of their blood. If she is pregnant with Rh-positive blood on the children, the children may suffer from Rh hemolytic disease.

how to remedy the fetus before birth in Rh hemolytic disease?
when the mother's body has produced antibodies, the father should do the testing. If the father is Rh-negative, then their children will be Rh-negative blood type (this would be no risk of fetal Rh hemolytic disease risk), so pregnant women do not need to do further testing. If the father is Rh-positive blood type (or the Rh blood group is unknown), doctors will do the amniotic liquid of pregnant women have been sensitized puncture - puncture needle to remove amniotic liquid into the abdomen of pregnant women to detect fetal Rh blood group. There is currently a pilot test showed that the maternal blood to determine fetal Rh blood group of prospects in order to afterward reduce the demand for amniocentesis, because the patients still have a small risk of miscarriage. If the fetus is Rh-positive blood type (or the doctor did not line amniocentesis, fetal Rh blood group did not know), then the MCH staff will find pregnancy in pregnant women in different levels of Rh antibodies. If antibody levels are higher, the doctor will recommend to do some special tests to determine whether the child with Rh hemolytic disease.
These checks contain amniocentesis, fetal umbilical capillary lance, etc., under the guidance of a physician in the B-, the very nice needle into the belly of pregnant women and obtain into the fetal umbilical cable microvascular blood specimens. These tests assist make sure if fetal anemia and the severity of anemia. The 2 checks are normally required repeated once every 2-4 weeks, it has a small risk of miscarriage. New research shows that a dimension of fetal arterial blood stream speed of the head ultrasound can more accurately determine the fetus is in - severe anemia (requires pre-treatment), or mild anemia (usually no treatment). If this is not the risk of fetal ultrasound examination proved to be exact, then the terminal will reduce the risk of Rh disease because the monitoring of fetal risk of amniocentesis and cordocentesis needs.
Based on the above all butme other test results, doctors suggest early delivery to prevent maternal Rh antibodies destroy fetal blood cells for more. After delivery, if the child has jaundice, it can be placed in a special blue light treatment (ie photochemical treatment). If the photochemical treatment of jaundice is ineffective, or the children suffered from anemia, you may need blood transfusions. There are also some Rh hemolytic disease in very light, so that they do not need treatment.
recent years, in the treatment of severe Rh hemolytic disease has made magnificent progress. The development of the 1980s, human umbilical vein puncture into the treatment of Rh hemolytic disease of the main results. High risk of necrosis of seriously ill baby can be as early as 18 weeks gestation by cordocentesis blood transfusion treatment. Now more than 90% of children with severe Rh hemolytic disease have survived after treatment.

If the mother and her fetus is Rh-negative blood type, what happens?
If either parents are Rh-negative blood type, then their children will be Rh-negative blood type. In this circumstance, the child will not suffer the risk of Rh disease, the mother after delivery does not require injection of Rh immune globulin treatment. Even if the dad is Rh-positive blood type, he may carry Rh-negative blood type gene, then the child has a 50% contingency of genetic Rh negative blood type. Because there is a lack of observation of fetal Rh blood group of the completely secure course, so even if the child was base a while back is Rh-negative blood type, Rh negative blood of pregnant women should also be injected at 28 weeks of Rh immune globulin. Of course, if the child is found to be Rh-positive blood, pregnant women, postpartum injection of Rh immune globulin should be!


last hope all RH negate blood guy health!